Louisiana Esthetics State Board Practice Test

Which of the following are considered chemical exfoliants?

1. AHA, BHA, Enzymes, Gommage

2. Microdermabrasion and Salicylic Acid

3. Scrubs and Exfoliating Pads

4. Facial Masks and Peels

The correct answer is: AHA, BHA, Enzymes, Gommage

Chemical exfoliants are substances that help to remove dead skin cells and promote cell turnover through chemical processes rather than mechanical scrubbing or abrasion. The correct choice identifies AHA (Alpha Hydroxy Acid), BHA (Beta Hydroxy Acid), enzymes, and gommage as chemical exfoliants. AHA and BHA are acids derived from natural sources, such as fruits (in the case of AHA) and salicylic acid (for BHA from willow bark), which work by loosening the bonds between dead skin cells, allowing them to be shed more easily. Enzymes, typically from fruits like papaya and pineapple, function by breaking down the proteins in dead skin cells, thus promoting exfoliation. Gommage is a form of exfoliation that typically involves applying a paste that dries and then is rubbed off, which can sometimes include mild chemical active ingredients that facilitate softer exfoliation. Together, these components effectively enhance the skin's appearance and texture through chemical interactions. In contrast, other options include physical forms of exfoliation, such as scrubs and microdermabrasion, which rely on manual removal of dead skin cells through friction. Salicylic acid can be classified as a chemical exfoliant, but when paired with